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統一会堂への入場券を購入する際に、展示「ノロドン宮殿から独立宮殿 1868年から1966年」The exhibit “From Norodom Palace to Independence Palace 1868 – 1966” の入場券も併せて購入しましたので、その建物へ向かいます。この展示はガイドブックにもあまり載っていませんので、Viet Nam News の 2018年4月1日付け「Show tells Independence Palace’s full story」の記事を引用すると、展示内容は、
While the first floor has information on the birth of Norodom Palace, the second floor is dedicated to Sài Gòn life under French rule, the establishment and fall of the Ngô Đình Diệm administration, and the construction of the Independence Palace.
とのことで、年表で今一度頭を整理して、
1868: Norodom Palace was built by the French.
1887 – 1945: It was used as the Palace of the Governor General of French Indochina in Sài Gòn.
March – September 1945: Japanese Imperial troops usurped France, conquered Indochina, and took over Norodom Palace.
1954: France is defeated and then leaves Việt Nam.
1955: President of the Republic of Việt Nam Ngô Đình Diệm moved into Norodom Palace and renamed it Independence Palace.
February 27, 1962: Independence Palace was bombed and partly destroyed.
July 1, 1962: Construction of a new palace followed the design of Vietnamese architect Ngô Viết Thụ.
1963: Ngô Đình Diệm, along with his younger brother Ngô Đình Nhu, were killed in a coup d’état.
1966: Construction of the new palace was completed.
展示物を見て回ります。昔のサイゴン市内の様子を表す写真や、
主だった出来事に関する写真や新聞記事などが、掲げられています。
1955 年、バオダイ帝を廃し初代大統領となった Ngô Ðình Diệm ゴ・ディン・ジエムの実弟 Ngô Đình Nhu ゴ・ディン・ヌーの言葉は、Divide and Conquer とタイトルが付けられています。これだけではよく分からないかもしれませんが、EDWARD MILLER 著 「MISALLIANCE Ngo Dinh Diem, the United States, and the Fate of South Vietnam」の中に、この発言と、発言に至った時代背景が記されています。
Although Diem’s forces had not fired the first shots in the March 30
incident, it was clear that the Ngo brothers had deliberately provoked their opponents. By late March, the Ngos believed that the VNA was ready to take on the Binh Xuyen. They were also convinced that several Front leaders remained secretly loyal to Diem. In a meeting with a Saigon intellectual who had offered to facilitate talks with the Front, Nhu rejected the idea of a negotiated solution. “I’ll start a little military action,” Nhu said. “That will provide an opening to those people [in the Front] who are already bought, and they’ll destroy these sects from the inside.” Diem expressed similar views, insisting to U.S. and French offi cials that General Phuong and General Thé were merely pretending to cooperate with the Front in order to learn Bay Vien’s plans.
Dinh Thống Nhất 統一会堂
Dinh Độc Lập 独立宮殿
統一会堂を後にして Bảo tàng Chứng tích chiến tranh 戦争証跡博物館 The War Remnants Museum へ向かいます。前庭にはベトナム戦争当時の戦闘機や戦車などが展示されています。
館内では、1973年にピューリッツァー賞を受賞した有名な写真などの戦争報道写真を集めた、Requiem レクイエムと題した展示が有名です。Christina Schwenkel 著 「The American war in contemporary Vietnam: Transnational Remembrance and Representation」に、1999年にケンタッキーで始まり、ベトナム戦争終結25年目の2000年にハノイ、次いでホーチミンで催される事になった、この展示の経緯が記されています。
On May 5, as part of the ongoing anniversary events, the War Remnants Museum in Ho Chi Minh City opened the exhibit “Requiem – the Vietnam Collection.” This exhibition was based on the 1997 book, Requiem: By the Photographers Who Died in Vietnam and Indochina, edited by Horst Faas and Tim Page, two photo-journalists who had covered the war in Vietnam and who had now returned for the twenty-fifth anniversary, “Requiem – the Vietnam Collection” had been organized and assembled by the Kentucky Requiem Project Steering Committee, chaired by Richard Lennon, a veteran Marin Corps officer who had served in the war in Vietnam in 1968, in collaboration with Horst Faas and the Indochina Photo Requiem Project, Ltd. The exhibit, containing 302 photographs, was first shown at the Kentucky History Center in Frankfort, Kentucky, from October 1 until November 14, 1999, after which it was packed into fourteen crates and flown to Vietnam. Working in conjunction with the Vietnam News Agency and the Vietnam Association of Photographic Artists, the fifteen-person Kentucky Requiem Project Steering Committee secured the necessary financial support to bring the exhibit to Hanoi, where it opened to large crowds on March 10, 2000.
日本人報道カメラマン、石川文洋氏の名前も見つけることができます。ゆかりの品も展示されています。1966年にピューリッツァー賞を受賞した沢田教一氏に関するものもあります。
Bảo tàng Chứng tích chiến tranh
戦争証跡博物館
The War Remnants Museum
ベンタイン市場 Chợ Bến Thành も覘いてみました。中の小さなお店の間の通路は狭く、腕を引っ張ったり、前に立ちはだかったりと、結構強引な商売です。お土産に何か買おうかとも思っていましたが、結局早々に退散しました。
ベンタイン市場
Chợ Bến Thành
サイゴン大教会 Saigon Notre Dame Cathedral(聖母マリア教会)Nhà Thờ Đức Bà Sài Gòn は残念ながら改修中で中に入ることは出来ず、外観しか見ることができませんでした。1863年から1880年にかけて建てられたフレンチコロニアル様式の建物の中には、美しいステンドグラスがあるそうです。手前に立つのは、聖母像です。
サイゴン大教会
Saigon Notre Dame Cathedral
聖母マリア教会
Nhà Thờ Đức Bà Sài Gòn